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Zero-tariff policies, systemic support help African countries expand exports, upgrade industry_我的网站

一 |     "오만과 협의, 수용가능 결과에 도달…지분 및 수익 배분까지 합의""현재 페르시아만에 적 군함 없어…최소 400㎞ 이상 떨어져"                   2026년 8월 26일 이란 반다르아바스 해변 인근 호르무즈 해협에 선박들의 모습이 보이고 있다. [로이터 연합뉴스. 재판매 및 DB 금지] (카이로=연합뉴스) 김상훈 특파원 = 이란 이슬람 혁명수비대(IRGC)는 미국이 자국과 오만 간의 호르무즈 해협 개방 관련 협상을 방해하고 있다고 비판했다. 혁명수비대 매체인 세파뉴스에 따르면 호세인 마흐비 혁명수비대 대변인은 26일(현지시간) 기자회견에서 호르무즈 해협 개방과 관련해 "미국이 (관련) 과정을 방해하고 있으며, 이에 따라 작업이 지연되고 있다"고 말했다. 그는 "미국이 방해를 멈추고 합의로 돌아온다면 도출된 합의 틀 안에서 해협을 개방할 수 있다"면서 "따라서 미국은 반드시 우리의 조건을 수용해야 하며, 조건을 받아들이지 않는다면 호르무즈 해협은 어떠한 상황에서도 개방되지 않을 것"이라고 강조했다. 이란 측 주장에 따르면, 해협 개방을 위한 양국 간 실무 논의는 이미 마무리 단계에 접어든 상태였다.                    2026년 4월 5일 이란 테헤란의 엔겔라브 광장에서 '호르무즈 해협은 계속 폐쇄될 것이다'라고 페르시아어로 적힌 대형 정치 선전판 앞을 차량들이 지나가고 있다. [EPA 연합뉴스 자료사진. 재판매 및 DB 금지] 마흐비 대변인은 "호르무즈 해협은 이란과 맞은편에 위치한 오만의 소유"라고 주장하면서 "약 한 달 전 오만과 협상을 시작해 양측 모두가 수용할 수 있는 결과에 도달했다"고 상황을 전했다. 그는 이 협상을 통해 해협 수역에 대한 양국의 지분과 수익 배분 문제에 대한 합의까지 이루어졌으나, 미국의 방해로 인해 최종 절차가 지연되고 있다고 덧붙였다. 마흐비 대변인은 "호르무즈 해협은 우리의 통제하에 있으며, 오만 인근 수로 역시 완전히 우리의 통제하에 있다"며 "현재 페르시아만에는 적의 군함이 존재하지 않으며, 적의 군함은 호르무즈 해협에서 최소 400km 이상 떨어져 있으며, 군사적·영토적 관점에서 이란의 허가와 통제 없이는 그 어떤 선박도 이 수로를 통과할 수 없다"고 못 박았다. [email protected]。    

    An exhibitor showcases Ethiopian coffee beans at the 2026 Dianchi International Coffee Culture Carnival in Kunming, Southwest China's Yunnan Province, on August 9, 2026. Photo: VCG It has been three months since China becomes the first major economy to grant unilateral, comprehensive zero-tariff treatment to all African countries with which it maintains diplomatic relations, as well as all least developed countries having diplomatic ties with China. Effective May 1, China extended the favorable policy to 53 African countries. Two African diplomats stationed in China have shared with the Global Times about the benefits of China's policy, particularly in trade of coffee, as well as China's exemplary role in promoting cooperation among Global South countries.
    Aziza Geleta, Deputy Head of Mission of the Ethiopian Embassy in China Photo: Courtesy of the Ethiopian Embassy in China Aziza Geleta, Deputy Head of Mission of the Ethiopian Embassy in China, told the Global Times that the trade policy demonstrates China's commitment to strengthening mutually beneficial economic cooperation with Africa.
For Ethiopia, which is believed to be the birthplace of coffee, this initiative presents significant opportunities. 
"Coffee is not only our leading agricultural export but also an integral part of our cultural heritage. For centuries, Ethiopians have preserved a unique coffee tradition, where families and neighbors gather to prepare and share coffee in a ceremony that symbolizes hospitality and friendship in community," Geleta said. 
With improved market access, Ethiopian coffee exports to China are expected to grow substantially. China has become one of the world's fastest-growing coffee consumption markets and is now Ethiopia's third-largest coffee export destination, Geleta noted.
In 2025, China's coffee industry was valued at 354.9 billion yuan ($52.63 billion), up 13.3 percent year on year. Annual per capita consumption rose from 22.24 cups to 28.57 cups, while the value of coffee bean imports increased by 73.9 percent year on year, according to the 2026 China Urban Coffee Development Report released in July. 
The Ethiopian diplomat believes China's zero-tariff policy will enhance the competitiveness of Ethiopian coffee, increase export earnings, and encourage greater investment across the coffee value chain, including processing, packaging, branding, logistics and quality certification. 
Since July 20 this year, China has granted full market access to coffee beans meeting quarantine requirements from all African countries that have diplomatic ties with China. The full market access is regarded as a landmark achievement in China-Africa cooperation on agricultural market access.
Geleta said that Ethiopia warmly welcomes this landmark policy. Having joined China's zero-tariff arrangement in 2024, the East African country has already witnessed its positive impact on bilateral trade and economic cooperation.
"The policy goes beyond tariff preferences. It demonstrates a practical commitment to South-South cooperation based on mutual respect, shared development and win-win partnership," Geleta noted. 
It creates new opportunities for African countries to diversify exports, strengthen productive capacity and participate more actively in global value chains, the diplomat said. 
As members of the Global South, Ethiopia and China share a common vision of promoting inclusive and sustainable development. This zero-tariff initiative establishes a valuable benchmark for building agricultural trade rules that better reflect the development needs of emerging economies, she noted. 
It also complements the objectives of the FOCAC and the African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA) by supporting greater regional integration and international market access, said Geleta. AfCFTA is a flagship initiative of the African Union designed to transform the continent into the world's largest free-trade area, per the AU.
From Geleta's observation, the market access granted by China is not merely a trade policy, but also a practical example of development cooperation that benefits ordinary people.
Coffee farming sustains millions of Ethiopian households, so greater access to China's market bears direct significance for poverty alleviation, rural advancement and national economic transformation. The policies foster steady demand for Ethiopian coffee, increasing farmer's earnings and bolstering rural community resilience, she said. Such gains closely echo the China-proposed Global Development Initiative, which emphasizes poverty reduction, food security, inclusive growth and sustainable development. 
The diplomat said Ethiopia welcomes Chinese investment in agricultural processing, cold-chain logistics, food manufacturing and value-added industries in Ethiopia. Such investment will support industrialization, technology transfer and job creation while strengthening resilient supply chains, Geleta added. 
    Ambassador of Lesotho to China Mapaballo Lydia Mile Photo: Courtesy of the Embassy of the Kingdom of Lesotho in China Ambassador of Lesotho to China Mapaballo Lydia Mile told the Global Times that the zero-tariff policy since May is "a direct, tangible deliverable of the commitments made under the Forum on China-Africa Cooperation (FOCAC) framework. It transitions the rhetoric of 'win-win cooperation' into practical policy."
Mile said the policy provides a structured, phased approach to reducing trade difficulties and securing institutional guarantees. "It perfectly embodies the strong, historical foundations built through FOCAC over the years to forge a modernized, forward-looking economic future."
Amid comments saying that African countries still face challenges beyond tariffs, including logistics, standards and market-access capacity, Ambassador Mile of Lesotho said that tariff reduction is a necessary condition for trade expansion; however, more conditions are required to reach deals. 
Take Lesotho, a landlocked country, for instance. The country faces acute logistical hurdles and high transport costs. Complying with sanitary and phytosanitary measures, as well as quality standards remains a massive challenge for many enterprises in Lesotho. 
To fully benefit from the favorable tariff policy, Mile pointed to systemic technical support for African exporters, targeted investments in agro-processing, and enhanced trade facilitation. 
"Initiatives recently introduced by China Customs, such as the 'Green Channel 2.0' for agricultural products and expanding authorized economic operator mutual recognition capacity building, are exactly the types of institutional support needed to overcome the non-tariff barriers," she elaborated. 
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