一 | 据路透社北京时间1月10日报道，今年许多汽车在CES上展出。 DETROIT -- The United Auto Workers union significantly escalated its walkout against Detroit's Three automakers, shutting down Ford's largest factory and threatening Jeep maker Stellantis.In a surprise move Wednesday night, 8,700 members left their jobs at Ford’s Kentucky truck plant in Louisville.And Thursday morning, union President Shawn Fain hinted at further action against Stellantis. “Here's to hoping talks at Stellantis today are more productive than Ford yesterday,” Fain wrote on X, formerly Twitter, without saying what might happen.Ford's truck plant makes heavy-duty F-Series pickup trucks and large Ford and Lincoln SUVs, hitting the company's most lucrative products. The vehicles made at the plant generate $25 billion per year in revenue, the company said in a statement.Fain said in a statement that the union has waited long enough “but Ford hasn’t gotten the message” to bargain for a fair contract. “If they can’t understand that after four weeks, the 8,700 workers shutting down this extremely profitable plant will help them understand it,” Fain said.The strike came nearly four weeks after the union began its walkouts against General Motors, Ford and Stellantis on Sept. 15, with one assembly plant from each company. The company, however, called the strike expansion “grossly irresponsible” and said it has made strong wage and benefit offers to the union. It said the move puts about a dozen other Ford facilities at risk, as well as parts supply plants that together employ over 100,000 people.A Ford executive said the union called a meeting at the company's Dearborn, Michigan, headquarters Wednesday afternoon where Fain asked if the company had another offer. High-ranking Ford executives responded that they are working on possibly bringing electric vehicle battery plants into the UAW national contract, essentially making them unionized. But they didn't have a significantly different economic offer, the executive said. Fain was told the company put a strong offer on the table, but there wasn't a lot of room to increase it and keep it affordable for the business, the executive said.Fain responded by saying, if that's the company's best offer, “You just lost Kentucky Truck Plant,” said the executive. The meeting only lasted about 15 minutes, he said. In a video, Fain said the union moved because Ford didn't change its offer. “We've been very patient working with the company on this,” he said. “They have not met expectations, they're not even coming to the table on it.”The escalation against Ford shows that Fain is trying to increase pressure on the company, said Marick Masters, a business professor at Wayne State University who follows labor issues.But Ford and the other automakers have made concessions and raised wage offers, he said. The companies, he said, “may have reached their resistance points to varying degrees.” Executives, he said, have bottom line positions they can’t cross in terms of staying competitive with other automakers.Fain, Masters said, likely is testing how far he needs to push Ford before going to “full throttle,” by taking all 57,000 Ford members out on strike.The union’s move doesn’t leave him optimistic for a quick end to the strikes, Masters said. “I think the issues that remain on the table are quite thorny,” he said, pointing to union demands that all workers get defined benefit pensions and health insurance when they retire.The UAW expanded its strikes on Sept. 22, adding 38 GM and Stellantis parts warehouses. Assembly plants from Ford and GM were added the week after that. The Kentucky strike brings to 33,700 the number of workers on strike against the three automakers.Thus far, the union has decided to target a small number of plants from each company rather than have all 146,000 UAW members at the automakers go on strike at the same time.Last week, the union reported progress in the talks and decided not to add any more plants. This came after GM agreed to bring joint-venture electric vehicle battery factories into the national master contract, almost assuring that the plants will be unionized.Battery plants are a major point of contention in the negotiations. The UAW wants those plants to be unionized to assure jobs and top wages for workers who will be displaced by the industry’s ongoing transition to electric vehicles.Since the start of the strike, the three Detroit automakers have laid off roughly 4,800 workers at factories that are not among the plants that have been hit by the UAW strikes.The companies say the strikes have forced them to impose those layoffs. They note that the job cuts have occurred mainly at factories that make parts for assembly plants that were closed by strikes.The UAW rejects that argument. It contends that the layoffs are unjustified and were imposed as part of the companies' pressure campaign to persuade UAW members to accept less in negotiations with automakers. The factories affected by layoffs are in six states: Michigan, Ohio, Illinois, Kansas, Indiana and New York. Sam Fiorani, an analyst with AutoForecast Solutions, a consulting firm, said he thinks the layoffs reflect a simple reality: The automakers are losing money because of the strikes. By slowing or idling factories that are running below their capacities because of strike-related parts shortages, Fiorani said, the companies can mitigate further losses.“It doesn’t make sense to keep running at 30% or 40% of capacity when it normally runs at 100%,” he said. Striking workers are receiving $500 a week from the union’s strike pay fund. In some states, laid-off workers could qualify for state unemployment aid, which, depending on a variety of circumstances, could be less or more than $500 a week. Fiorani said that as the strikes widen, more workers will likely be laid off at non-striking plants. Separate companies that manufacture parts for the automakers are likely to have laid off workers but might not report them publicly, said Patrick Anderson, CEO of the Anderson Economic Group in Lansing, Michigan. A survey of parts supply companies by a trade association called MEMA Original Equipment Suppliers found that 30% of members have laid off workers and that more than 60% expect to start layoffs in mid-October.。
二 | 当你看到他们的中央控制显示屏时，你认为你已经进入电影院。”这不是科幻小说！”电动汽车创业公司拜顿（Baiton）的董事长兼首席执行官卡斯滕•布莱特菲尔德（Carsten Breitfeld）在拉斯维加斯的CES展台上表示，他指的是该公司M字节内部令人惊叹的48英寸（1.22米）显示屏。巴顿的M-byte直到今年晚些时候才会批量生产，但其由中国面板制造商北京东方提供的超大显示屏证明，随着越来越多的网络化汽车的兴起，汽车行业有一个毋庸置疑的趋势。”屏幕是数字世界的窗口，”梅赛德斯-奔驰母公司戴姆勒（Daimler）首席设计师戈登瓦格纳（GordenWagener）表示。屏幕是新的马力。
三 | ”2019年梅赛德斯eqc跨境汽车在同一个玻璃面板下有两个10.25英寸的显示屏，彼此独立。不仅未来的电动汽车和豪华汽车将增加中央控制屏幕的尺寸，而且克莱斯勒2019年的RAM1500卡车在仪表板上也有12英寸的垂直显示。
四 | 除了中央控制台外，配有驾驶控制装置和后娱乐显示屏的仪表组的尺寸也在增加。奥迪等汽车制造商将中央控制台与仪表板结合在一起，这需要像拜仁这样的大屏幕和更大的计算能力。汽车制造商也在增加后视镜显示屏，以显示后视镜摄像头拍摄的照片。同时，“平视显示器”（在挡风玻璃上投射图像以帮助驾驶员更好地了解路况）也显示出爆炸性增长。“我们生活在一个以展示为中心的世界里，”IHS Markit汽车研究主管BrianRhodes说。我认为这不是巧合。
五 | 我们的车上有很多类似平板电脑的显示器。
六 | 这显然是总体趋势。”根据IHS Markit，2018年全球汽车中央显示屏的平均尺寸为7.7英寸，预计到2024年将增至8.4英寸。
七 | 罗德兹说，平视显示器是增长最快的部分。他说，目前全世界大约有630万辆汽车配备了这种显示器，但预计到2024年，这个数字将飙升至1410万辆。笨拙的用户体验？特斯拉是第一家用大屏幕竞争对手的公司。2012年，S型配备了17英寸液晶显示屏。苹果和谷歌随后推出了Carplay和Android Auto，允许驾驶员通过汽车的中央控制屏幕播放流媒体音乐、显示地图和其他应用程序。罗德兹说，这些公司的努力是汽车制造商采用更大屏幕的主要原因。但苹果和谷歌在主要汽车显示屏上的出现也引起了汽车制造商的反思，他们不愿意为技术竞争对手提供如此有价值的平台，但渴望为消费者带来iPhone所需的体验。Gartner汽车研究主管MikeRamsey表示，目前的紧张局势依然存在。一些汽车制造商一直被动地整合苹果或谷歌的技术，往往导致糟糕的用户体验。拉姆齐说，在某些情况下，他们增加了屏幕，对用户没有任何真正的好处。
八 | 10月，美国权威杂志《消费者报告》取消了对菲亚特-克莱斯勒、福特和本田车型的推荐，原因是消费者在死屏幕或空白屏幕上的反馈。尽管这些问题源于驱动内容的后端技术，而不是屏幕本身，但罗德说，“这对消费者来说是一样的。”清晰是汽车制造商说，如果处理得当，大型显示器可以通过提供更多信息来提高汽车安全性的关键，例如信号灯即将变红。他们说，随着屏幕越来越大，驾驶员的注意力将减少，而不是增加，因为驾驶员将不再需要在小屏幕上与大量选项作斗争。”“你需要一个地方，以一种有效且不分散注意力的方式直观地向司机显示信息，”拜顿数字技术副总裁陈泰宇说。福特用户体验部负责人鲁思·范恩（Ruth Vann）本月表示，为2020年福特探索者（Ford Explorer）设计的可选10英寸和标准8英寸显示器旨在防止驾驶员因信息重叠而沉浸在过多的数据中。”我们在驾驶时锁定某些功能，并鼓励驾驶员使用语音命令，”她说。
九 |
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